Captain Richard Dumas
Captain Richard Dumas, MMM, CD, AdeC (PPCLI): A Cultural Espousing Vis-À-Vis History
By Captain Richard Dumas, MMM, CD, AdeC (PPCLI)
Introduction
(KVA Sourced) The final National Reunion of Korean War Veterans was held at the Fairmont Hotel in Winnipeg, 28-31 August 2011, known and referred to as The Last Hurrah. Pictured are a fair number of Korean Canadians (and Koreans) that attended the dinner and provided wonderful entertainment, Senator Martin and veterans. Many Canadian vets married Koreans.
As a teenager I was cognisant of the Korean War but mostly on account of the popular sitcom, MASH and not because of any Canadian institution or teacher – tragic how a significant part of our history has been minimised. There were 26,791 Canadians that had served in the Korea War; 1,558 were wounded, 516 killed and 33 taken Prisoner of War. Post-ceasefire, 27 July 1953, we continued to serve until 1957 in order to enforce the shaky ceasefire conditions. MASH was of course of very limited value as it became obvious that it was an anti-war series largely influenced by waning support of the Vietnam War – concurrent with the show’s production and airing. Historical accuracy and educational value was often compromised in favour of poetic licence or the “Hollywood touch” to the extent that many citizens actually thought that the setting was in Vietnam. Being a small town lad, I had no exposure to the Korean culture or any of its people. My deep appreciation for Koreans – their history, culture and contribution to Canadian society would come about through joining the Canadian Army, specifically the Second Battalion, Princess Patricia’s Canadian Light Infantry (2 PPCLI). I would not only learn more about Korea but the special bond that exists between Canadians and Koreans. The Korean War has been an intricate part of the PPCLI culture, in particular with 2 PPCLI on account of the epic Battle of Kapyong. KOREA and KAPYONG are amongst the twenty-two Battle Honours emblazoned on our Regimental Colours. Every year, since that fight we commemorate the Battle of Kapyong. As a young man I was impressed with the veterans that would travel from across the world to reunite with their comrades-in-arms; for the bigger anniversary events, every five years. They were often joined with members of the Korean Canadian community and an ambassador or consulate general of the U.S. and ROK. My unit was the only Canadian unit to have been awarded the U.S. Presidential Unit Citation – because of its stand at Kapyong. My service to country, the United Nations (UN) and North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) would take me to many other parts of the world, like Cyprus, Bosnia, Guam and Afghanistan. Throughout my military career, I got to know many Korean War Vets and was impressed with the way they perpetuated our customs, tradition and honour as passed on by our forefathers of the First and Second World War. It was and is that standard that I have tried to uphold. As much as I thought about what the Korean War meant to me and what I knew about Koreans, I now realize that it pales in comparison to what I’ve learned over the past seven years. In 2011, I went to Republic of Korea (ROK) whereby I met even more veterans from across the Commonwealth and Senator Yonah Martin – a champion for the Korean Veterans Association of Canada (KVA). From that point onward, I would be compelled to do more, out of appreciation, to promote their welfare and legacy. I have met so many vets and Koreans over this period. It has been my privilege and I do believe that I am a benefactor in so many ways. In keeping with an aim of the KVA, I am pleased to share but some of the many experiences associated with these fine Canadians and Korean Canadians.
The Last Hurrah was the final grand gathering for those who served in Korea during the war 1950-53 (Canada’s third bloodiest conflict) and those that served during the peacekeeping phase 1953-56. The event hosted The KVA Heritage Unit – those who were Prisoners of War, and those who were injured in the B.C. Canoe River train accident in November 1950 (17 gunners were killed on their way to Korea). Guests included those who served with Allied Nations, Korean Canadians, wives, wives of deceased veterans, caregivers, children and grandchildren of veterans and an “A List” of VIPs. The head table was the largest of any I’ve ever seen. The event was a very emotional gathering. Shortly after the event wrap-up, the National Committee would cease to operate as such. From here on, units across Canada would operate until no longer sustainable. Since 2011, several units have folded – many more veterans have passed on. By the same token this was a joyful reunion. My son while serving 2 PPCLI and I were seated with Kapyong Vets during the dinner – three generations of Second Battalion Patricia’s. I was able to chat with the many vets that continued to serve well beyond the war – most notably Major-General (Retired) Herb Pitts and Lieutenant- General (Retired) Charlie Belzile. I was happy to socialize with Mike Czuboka (a mortarman at Kapyong), a member of Unit 17, Winnipeg who had played a key role in this event’s planning and execution and later on with regard to a park re-naming project. The reunion was as important to myself as any other I had attended or would later on attend. As veterans parted company, they would often toss out the standard, “see you later at…” Upon hearing that over the span of three days, one vet had commented to another, “He’s awful sure of himself. I don’t even buy green bananas anymore”, causing an eruption of laughter. That’s the kind of humour that got them through their military service and period of adjustment to civilian life. The last Hurrah came soon after the pilgrimage and further solidified my devotion to these vets.
Battle of Kapyong 60th Anniversary (2011)
A second battalion was born of Princess Patricia’s Canadian Light Infantry (PPCLI) in June of 1945 as part of the Canadian Army Pacific Force. Given Canada is a Pacific country and lost 2 battalions in Hong Kong earlier on, it was time to turn our attention towards Japan, with the European campaign winding down. With its surrender, Second Battalion PPCLI (2 PPCLI) was stood down. It was only 5 years later (June 1950) when it was stood up once again for deployment to the Orient. This time, it was to fight in Korea as part of the Canadian Army Special Force.
By the time 2 PPCLI had arrived in country (Dec 1950), the first Canadian unit in theatre, the fledgling United Nations’ situation had significantly deteriorated. Another 6 Chinese armies, the equivalent of approximately 180,000 troops had already crossed the Yalu River. The Patricia’s no longer would be employed as a stabilizing occupation force. There was now an urgent requirement for them to join the fight. There were strained Canadian-U.S. relations when the Patricia’s insisted on 2 more months of intense counter-guerilla operations, tactics and weapons training, given the unannounced re-role. By mid-February of 1951, 2 PPCLI joined the 27th British Commonwealth Infantry Brigade consisting of 2 British and 1 Australian infantry battalions, 1 New Zealand artillery regiment and 1 Indian field ambulance. From that point on, the Patricia’s were quickly earning its stalwart reputation. It had become baptized under fire through several fights with a tenacious and determined enemy under most severe winter climate conditions and brutally rugged terrain. Friends were lost along the way, the realities of war fast leaving its indelible mark, making them vets in short order.
The Patricia’s were already dug into Hill 677 at the Kapyong Valley when thousands of demoralized South Korean soldiers were heavy into a withdrawal, escaping total annihilation by a severely overwhelming enemy. Watching them madly flee for their very lives, 22-23 April would be enough to undermine anybody’s confidence. Then came the onslaught. On the evening of 23-24 April, 2 PPCLI watched in horror as 3rd Battalion Royal Australian Regiment, just east across the valley became heavily infiltrated by thousands of Chinese. After its gallant stand, they too conducted a hasty withdrawal, escaping annihilation. The Chinese hoards then turned onto
2 PPCLI, 24-25 April 1951. After already 2 sleepless nights, the Patricia’s fought for almost 24 straight hours. There were times when the Chinese charged in waves, barely 30 metres apart and for up to 5 hours straight. In addition to close quarter fighting, friendly artillery and mortar fire was called onto their own position up to 2 times in order to beat back the suicide attacks; one such barrage lasting up to forty minutes, including 2,300 rounds, at 1.87 shells per second. By the time all firing ceased, more than 2,000 enemy were killed or wounded by this one severely understrength battalion. It was even more remarkable that against all odds, their mission was an immense success with no more than 10 Patricia’s killed and 23 wounded in action. They had played a key role in halting the Chinese advance at a rate of 40 kms in only 36 hours. In doing so, the Chinese could no longer pursue or annihilate the South Korean Division and the capitol, Seoul was spared communist occupation for the third time. China and North Korea would soon lose its momentum following its failed spring offensive.
The Battle of Kapyong would be to Korea what Vimy was to the First World War or Normandy was to the Second World War – a significant turning point in our favour. For individual actions at the Battle of Kapyong, there was a Military Cross, a Distinguished Conduct Medal and 2 Military Medals awarded. Many years after the war, there was a granting of a Coat of Arms to a member – Mike Levy for his role in calling down much of the fire. The Regiment had earned further distinction and honour by exercising its “Freedom of the City” in Calgary, 25 April 1952, thanks to Calgarians’ appreciation and generosity. This is the highest honour that a municipality can bestow upon a military unit. Approximately 5 years after the Battle of Kapyong, the Government of Canada finally relented in authorizing 2 PPCLI’s acceptance of the U.S. Presidential Unit Citation, the first Canadian unit to do so. It would be several decades after “The Forgotten War” that Canada would recognize its Korean War Veterans with a Canadian Volunteer Service Medal for Korea.
In 2011, 2 PPCLI commemorated the 60th Anniversary through several venues at home and abroad. Remembrance of its brave men and sacrifices made at the Battle of Kapyong were effected at its garrison in Shilo, Manitoba, the National War Monument in Ottawa, in ROK and at a ceremony at Radar Hill, within Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, near Tofino, British Columbia, April 15, 2011. Serving and veteran Patricia’s will gather at the Kapyong/Korea Monument built on Radar Hill, a radar station used during the Second World War for the defence of Canada’s vast coast line. The monument was erected and dedicated, 24 April 1998 at the request of the Republic of Korea, in solemn appreciation for what Patricia’s had accomplished on their behalf. It was by design that there are direct links to the PPCLI Kapyong Monument at Naechon, Kapyong Valley and Hallyo Haesung Sea National Park in Korea. Our site overlooks the Pacific Ocean, towards our distant and glorious past at Kapyong, Korea similar to the caribou at Beaumont Hamel, France facing Newfoundland.
It was on this occasion that I first became aware of Senator Yonah Martin. She’s been to the annual Radar Hill ceremony. It was she that had a leading role in conducting a national ceremony commemorating Korean War Veterans’ service at our National War Monument – for the first time. Veterans and Patricia’s serving in the National Capitol Region were in attendance in addition to the many VIPs. Of note were those that had flown in from a tactical field training exercise in Wainwright, Alberta. Senator Martin also had a leading role in ensuring that up to ten more Kapyong vets were making their way to Kapyong vis-à-vis an annual pilgrimage to ROK. There was a platoon-strength delegation of Patricia’s that were on that same pilgrimage, of which I was one. The following photos and captions are from that event.
(Provided by Richard Dumas) On arrival we were afforded personal time in order to overcome jetlag and to organize before commencing with the many activities. Sightseeing by foot was a great way to exercise and to better appreciate Koreans. Reconstructed palaces were amazing while telling period stories about Korea’s fascinating history. I am photographed at one of the many reconstructed palaces and historic features. There was much rebuilding within Seoul on account of the wartime devastation.
(Sourced by Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs, ROK) PPCLI Lieutenant-Colonel (Retired) and Kapyong veteran, John Bishop lights incense for prayer at the National Korean War Monument in Seoul. This was during the first multi-national service in Seoul.
(Provided by Richard Dumas) Just in behind myself inside the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) are United Nations’ buildings that were used to negotiate the ceasefire and continue to be used today. They stand squarely centred on the border. You’ll notice the gray building inside North Korea – many spectators looking back at us. This area was the sight of some nasty skirmishes shortly after the ceasefire was signed and is under constant observation – a reminder that the war never did end and that hostilities towards the South (ROK), continue.
(Provided by Richard Dumas) Behind myself and Senator Yonah Martin is the Canadian Korean War Memorial at Naechon, at the base of where the actual Battle of Kapyong was fought. It here is that an annual Canadian ceremony takes place.
(Provided by Richard Dumas) After the Canadian Memorial Service we set off by foot to visit the some of the battle positions. We drew many waves and smiles by curious villagers while forced-marching to the cadence of barking dogs. In all, the battlefield tour was three hours. As pictured, post war growth masks much of the view, obscuring wartime visual perspective but still give one an appreciation of the difficult mountainous terrain. Our trek to B Company was a great way to warm up and is roughly 274 metres high. The remaining trenches located on that position stirred our imagination and was cause for much discussion. Joining us were our American allies from the 1st Tank Battalion, 72nd U.S. Armored Regiment. Their fore fathers of A Company, 72nd U.S. Tank Battalion, were also with 2 PPCLI at the Battle of Kapyong. They were gracious hosts at their garrison, Camp Casey the evening before at a mixed ranks dining-in. They remain vigilant at the nearby and sometimes tense DMZ. It was while at A Company’s position, that I picked up a rock destined for the daughter of Lieutenant-Colonel Owen Browne. It was he who had commanded A Company during that battle, exactly 60 years ago. Like many other Korean War Vets, he was also a veteran of the Second World War. A Company was at an elevation of 346 meters and had a commanding view of the Kapyong Valley as the communist Chinese forces were in hot pursuit of the withdrawing 6th ROK Division and Hill 504 as the Aussies were fighting for their lives. Due to time constraints we couldn’t continue with C and D Company positions. Although the Battalion position had become completely grown over, the essence was captured with the help of a Canadian who had become quite passionate about Kapyong’s legacy. He was teaching English in Korea (as many Canadians do), when he learned about the epic fight and had chosen to study it in detail – even “GPSing” several positions where to date, artifacts can still be found. He had volunteered to be our guide. As veterans of Cold War Germany, Cyprus, the Balkans and Afghanistan, the serving Patricia’s had further deepened their respect for veterans and Koreans.
(Sourced by Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs, ROK) Photographed are several PPCLI veterans presenting Korean children with PPCLI Korean Student Bursaries at the Canadian Memorial Service. The fund was started by PPCLI Lieutenant-Colonel Robert Peacock who had served as a platoon commander during the war. As were many veterans, he was struck and deeply moved by the brutal poverty of an impoverished war torn nation, still suffering from the effects of the Second World War and before that, an excruciating colonization.
(Provided by Richard Dumas) Co-located with the Canadian Korean War Memorial is the Kapyong Battle Monument. PPCLI Senior NCOs take in the site after the ceremony. For them, this is a chance of a lifetime experience. The monument was unveiled in the presence of dignitaries and Colonel J.R. Stone, 7 November 1975. He commanded The Loyal Edmonton Regiment during the Second World War and 2 PPCLI at the Battle of Kapyong. Mr. Aum Duk-Moon, a well-known Korean architect had designed the near-six ton, black marble monument. Under the auspices of the government of South Korea, it was erected with donations from the Korea Bank Association, Korea National Tourist Association and the United Korean War Allies Association. In the background is part of the village of Naechon and 2 PPCLI’s battle position. From the monument to B Company, it’s only 800 metres as the crow flies.
(Sourced by Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs, ROK) One of the many multi-national services was conducted at the United Nations Memorial Cemetery, in Pusan. There are 2,300 servicemen buried there. Of these 1,588 are Commonwealth soldiers, including 376 Canadians. Afterwards, a separate and more intimate service was conducted at the Canadian sector, as photographed. Many of the pictured veterans would later visit the site of their fallen comrades. The Canadian sector is visible from a distance because of the Monument to Canadian Fallen. It’s a Canadian soldier who is holding a Korean child while another is at his side. An identical monument stands in Confederation Park, downtown Ottawa. It was designed by a Canadian (PPCLI) veteran of the Korean War and created by a Korean artist.
(Provided by Richard Dumas) There was a Commonwealth parade and service at the Commonwealth Kapyong Monument in the city of Kapyong. Later on was the opportunity to carry on with more reunions and photos. Pictured left to right is Captain Chris Gilmour of the 3rd Battalion, Royal Australian Regiment, myself, Edward Morley, George Skelly and Alex Sim. Notice how the Aussie and Alex are both wearing the United States Presidential Unit Citation over their pockets (blue rectangle with gold trim). Veterans have earned the right to always wear it whereas currently serving members shall wear it only while serving with those units that were awarded the citation. Alex – a platoon sergeant at Kapyong was also a Second World War Vet – at Normandy and throughout North-west Europe. George was his platoon commander in Korea and later, a life-long friend. We would later enjoy many scotches together – over the upcoming years.
(Sourced by Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs, ROK) As a token of the visible and on-going appreciation for Canadians by Koreans, the Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs hosted a wonderful banquet as the pilgrimage was winding down. There were many other memorable experiences during the pilgrimage. I was deeply moved by Korea’s outstanding hospitality and compassion toward the survivors and commitment to honouring our deceased Canadians and the collective contribution, often unknown to our citizenry. I am extremely proud of our veterans – of their service and sacrifice, their humility and loyalty to one another and endurance during both wartime and peacetime as they have had to deal with the same issues as their younger counterparts do, today. We finished off that session by singing PPCLI Regimental songs.
There have been changes to the Korean alphabet. Examples include; Pusan which now reads as Busan and Kapyong which now reads as Gapyong. Sometimes the older versions of these names are used for the sake of historical parlance.
The Archie Hearsey Story (2012)
(Photo by Mr. Edward Sem, Regional Assistant to Senator Martin) As PPCLI Regimental Adjutant, Captain Rick Dumas, reads the Minister of National Defence’s letter, the vigil party remains steadfast, including left to right of the podium, Regimental Warrant Officer Dave Shultz, Master Warrant Officer (Retired) Alex Sim, and Corporal (Retired) Claude Petit. Seated, left to right is daughter, Debbie Hearsey, grandson Solomon, Senator Yonah Martin, Consul General, Mr Yeon Ho Choi and Mr Yongjn Jeon, International Affairs Officer for Korea’s MPVA. The master of ceremony, Lieutenant-Colonel (Retired) Bud MacLeod, is behind the RCMP officer and Canadian flag.
Since 1975, the Ministry of Patriots and Veterans Affairs (MPVA), Republic of Korea (ROK) has provided Korean War Veterans with a chance to revisit Korea. Since then, approximately 28,500 vets have taken advantage of that annual pilgrimage. The year 2012, was most unique. Canada said good-bye to a Patricia who proudly served his country during “the forgotten war”. Two deceased brothers, having served together with 2 PPCLI, while having fought in the Korean War, would be reunited after more than 60 years. Archibald (Archie) Hearsey has gone back to Korea to his eternal resting place – the same cemetery with his brother who fell there. On 21 April 2012, Archie’s ashes parted Canada for Korea to be put to rest alongside his older brother,
Joseph Hearsey, at the United Nations Memorial Cemetery in Busan. The one-of-a-kind departure ceremony was conducted out of the Vancouver International Airport. The story was first conveyed to Korea’s MPVA by Senator Yonah Martin which in turn drove a fundraising campaign enabling daughter, Debbie Hearsey to transport the urn, fulfilling Archie’s last will and testament.
The tribute and farewell service took place at a boarding gate within the international terminal. Bud MacLeod who served with Archie as a young lieutenant platoon commander, was the master of ceremony. Senator Martin, whose parents survived the Korean War, delivered an eloquent and poignant eulogy honouring Private Archie Hearsey, afterwards reading a letter of condolence and appreciation prepared by Minister of Veterans Affairs, The Honourable Steven Blaney. Rick Dumas read a similar message by The Honourable Peter MacKay, Minister of National Defence. Both letters were delivered to daughter Debbie Hearsey in the presence of Archie’s grandson, Solomon. After the Benediction was read, and The Last Post, Lament and Reveille were played, there were more presentations. Alex Sim, a veteran of Normandy and Kapyong, also having served with Archie in Korea and Germany, passed the urn onto Debbie. Claude Petit, a Patricia, wounded in Korea and who at the time was the Chairman of the National Aboriginal Veterans Association, presented the Canadian flag and medals to Debbie. These two gentlemen in addition to Dave Shultz, stood vigil during the entire ceremony. The impressive Korean delegation was comprised of Consul General, Mr. Yeon Ho Choi and Mr. Yongjn Jeon, International Affairs Officer for Korea’s MPVA. At a nearby table, flanked by the Canadian and ROK flags, were Archie’s portrait, urn, PPCLI cap badge, jump wings, Korean War service and NATO service (Germany) medals and a Canadian Flag, sent by Prime Minister Stephen Harper. About 70 Canadian Korean War Veterans and their family members were in attendance.
The arrival of the Veteran delegation and Archie’s ashes were greeted with sensational fanfare and national honour at the Incheon International Airport nearly 14 hours after the Vancouver ceremony. The ceremony was attended by about 200 Canadian and Korean officials, veterans and their families, including the Minister of Veterans Affairs, Mr. Park Sung Choon. The military service took place at the United Nations Memorial Cemetery in Busan, 25 April 2012. It was on the 61st Anniversary of The Battle of Kapyong that Archie was buried with his brother.
Pte Archie Hearsey joined 2 PPCLI in Calgary, 7 September 1950 and trained in Calgary, Wainwright and Fort Lewis, Washington before sailing on the Joe P. Martinez for Korea. He had already fought at the epic Battle of Kapyong before his brother, Joseph quit his job in order to join that same unit. Joseph joined the Canadian Army, 6 January 1951, and 2 PPCLI, July 1951, out of concern for his younger brother’s safety. He was killed in action, 13 October 1951 while fighting with 2 PPCLI, just four months after joining the Battalion. As the story goes, the two brothers hadn’t met until Joseph was wounded. Joseph was subsequently buried at the United Nations Memorial Cemetery, 27 October 1951. The last Archie saw of Joseph was when he was being carried from the hill, body wrapped in a blanket. Archie came home to Canada and served as a paratrooper by 1952. He would later serve in a still-recovering Germany with the Regiment, 1953-1955, honourably releasing afterwards. Archie died in Canada after battling a lung condition for 25 years. His remains were brought to Korea by his only daughter Debbie Hearsey as per his wishes. Archie is finally home in a way, rejoining his brother and PPCLI comrades, in addition to the remaining 378 Canadians, buried at Busan.
Korean War Cease Fire Parade In Edmonton (28 July 2013)
Commemorating the 60th Anniversary of the cease fire agreement that ended the Korean War on 27 July 1953, KVA Unit 21 hosted a Cease Fire Parade on 28 July 2013 at the Alberta Legislative Grounds. Proud members of the Edmonton Korean Marines Veterans Association stood together as comrades, marking the occasion. A touching moment was observed when two members of the Edmonton Korean Marines Veterans Association helped a Canadian veteran adjust a flower over his medals a few minutes before the parade. Dignitaries included Lieutenant-Governor Donald Ethell, several elected officials, the Base Commander of CFB Edmonton and representatives from the Edmonton Korean Canadian Community. Several cadets and members of the Canadian Armed Forces were on parade with “Catherine” – a Sherman tank. Shermans saw service in the Second World War and Korea. A bugler from the Royal Canadian Artillery Band and a piper from Lord Strathcona’s Horse (Royal Canadians) also provided solemn reminders of those who paid the ultimate price in Korea.
Korean War Cease Fire Parade on 28 July 2013 at Alberta Legislative Grounds.
(Photo by Mr. Grant Cree) Korean War veterans – with friends and family, cadets and serving members of the Canadian Army settle in, in front of “Catherine” as the ceremony commences.
Korean War Cease Fire Parade on 28 July 2013 at Alberta Legislative Grounds.
(Photo by Mr. Grant Cree) The Honourable Laurie Hawn, Member of Parliament for Edmonton Centre (a veteran RCAF fighter pilot) addresses the large number of participants. The Alberta Legislature and Korean War Monument is visibly seen in the background. To the right of the monument is the master of ceremony, the distinguished Mr. John Glockler, followed by myself, AdeC to the Lieutenant-Governor of Alberta. To the right is Lieutenant-Governor, Colonel (Retired) Donald Ethell and his lovely wife, Linda.
Korean War Cease Fire Parade on 28 July 2013 at Alberta Legislative Grounds.
(Photo by Mr. Grant Cree) The monument and plaque is located at the northwest grounds of the Alberta Legislature and lists the 16 Alberta military members who died in the Korean War. They were from communities such Red Deer, Olds, Rocky Mountain House and Mundare.
After the parade, the Korean Canadian Community hosted a lovely reception. Many of these veterans I had already met in ROK, 2011 and have since continued to work with on several other projects. Unit 21 is likely to have its last parade in 2018, marking the 65th Anniversary of the Cease Fire. After that ceremony, they are likely to stand down – the dawn of an era.
Imjin Classic Comes To Canada (2013) During the Year Of The Vet
Announcements made – On 4 December 2012, Prime Minister Stephen Harper and Prime Minister Hwang-sik Kim jointly declared 2013 as the “Year of Korea” in Canada and the “Year of Canada” in Korea, celebrating 50 years of friendship and highly successful diplomatic relations.
That year also coincided with the 60th Anniversary of the signing of the Korean Armistice Agreement. On 8 January 2013, Minister of Veterans Affairs, The Honourable Steven Blaney announced that 2013 would also mark the “Year of the Korean War Veteran”. The special media event was held at the Canada Aviation and Space Museum whereby the Minister was joined by Senator Martin, representatives from the Royal Canadian Legion, the Korea Veterans Association of Canada, and Korean Veterans.
The war began, 25 June 1950 with 2 PPCLI having sailed into Korea by that December; active fighting ceased 27 July 1953, with the signing of the Korean Armistice Agreement. During that period, of the 26,791 Canadians that served, 1,558 were wounded, 516 were killed and 33 were taken as prisoners of war. Between the signing of the Armistice and the end of 1957, approximately another 7,000 Canadians served in that hostile theatre of operations. Canadian troops remained in the turbulent peninsula until 1957 as The Cold War brewed on. The U.S. maintains a required heavy presence today.
An idea is born – During a Canada Day celebration at a U.N. compound in Seoul several years ago, members of the Geckos Hockey Club by chance stumbled across a long forgotten, black and white photo of soldiers of the 25th Canadian Infantry Brigade playing hockey on the frozen backwater of the Imjin River, 1953.
The first game was in January 1952. The site was referred to as the Imjin Gardens and included dressing tents and a hot dog stand. It was likely the very first match ever in Korea – another first for Canadians. The competing teams were from 1 PPCLI and a composite team from 25thCanadian Infantry Brigade Headquarters, players from the Royal Canadian Regiment and the Royal 22e Regiment, never too far from The Guns (artillery). Suffice to say, the Patricia’s rocked. Not long afterwards, that February, officers were paraded to swear allegiance to the new young sovereign, Queen Elizabeth II. The Guns’ twenty-one gun salute would have been heard far and wide across the area of operation.
So who were The Geckos? They were a bunch of energetic expatriates that sorely missed Canada and all things Canadian; above all our game – hockey. In 1998, being the entrepreneurial type, they sought out sponsorship by Geckos Tavern; another Canadian tradition. Accordingly, they took on their name. To this day, the bar still sponsors the team and the Geckos Hockey Club continues to attract players from around the world, creating memorable experiences for other hockey-loving expatriates living in Republic of Korea. Team founder, Pascal Comeau strove to come up with an idea that would pay tribute to Canada’s incredible military contribution to what would be sadly referred to as the “Forgotten War”. The Imjin River Memorial Cup and its annual tournament helped provide that proud linkage, preserve our veterans’ legacy while bringing together competitive hockey players living on the peninsula. It was also decided to name each winning team after the heroic battalions and regiments that fought to establish peace in Korea, after years of violence.
In its 13th year, the trophy made its way to Ottawa, the Rideau Canal, as a focal point to IMJIN CLASSIC 2013, 10 February 2013, the kicker event to the Year of the Korean War Veteran and a highlight during Winterlude, a premier winter carnival. As a point to note, IMJIN CLASSIC 2013 is a story within its own right. It involves a process spanning two to three years involving numerous passionate persons. It couldn’t have been made possible without NCC Senior Vice President, Guy Laflamme, the driving force behind the City of Jinju’s Lantern Garden found at Confederation Park during that Winterlude and Senator Martin, an immense supporter of Korean War Veterans. A supporting cast included Mr. Andrew Montieth regarding the adoption of the Imjin River Memorial Cup and former PPCLI Regimental Adjutant, Captain Rick Dumas, who had previously worked with the Senator on a number of occasions. Thanks to the national Korean community, corporate sponsorship and veterans’ donations, over $20,000 was raised. A former member of PPCLI, Mr. Brad Malchuk was the official sponsor of the hockey sweaters.
When you think about it, our Korea Veterans are not much different than those who have subsequently served and who have set up improvised rinks in Cyprus, the Balkans and Afghanistan. In each case, these Canadians who were willing to make the ultimate sacrifice while in the service of Canada, the United Nations and NATO, found constructive means to deal with the harsh realities and uncertainty of war, with something quite familiar – our love of hockey.
(Photo by Richard Dumas) Korea veteran Mr. George Guertin drops the puck in amidst Major-General Noonan from the Military Team and Minister Blaney from the Parliamentary Team. General Noonan was the Canadian Armed Forces’ patron to hockey whose own father was a Korean War veteran while serving 3 PPCLI. Had Halifax not been snowed under, Minister MacKay would have taken the face-off. He would later be available at the reception, proudly sporting his PPCLI Regimental necktie while chatting with Patricia’s, veterans and their families and dignitaries.
The IMJIN CLASSIC was proudly segued by Mr. Don Cherry, an Honorary Patricia, duringCoaches Corner, 9 February 2013, as he proudly displayed the long lost photograph while providing insight to our contribution. The following day at 10:30 sharp the MC’s comments were followed by the respective national anthems, sung by Walt Conrad, VP of KVA Unit 7 and Natalie Hur, Assistant to the Office of the Defence Attaché of ROK. Acknowledgements were made to special guests, Ambassador CHO Hee Yong of ROK and Mme. LEE Yang, MP Barry Devolin (Co-Chair of the Canada Korea Inter-parliamentary Friendship Group), NCC – Guy Laflamme (Senior Vice President), NCC – Russell Mills (Chair of NCC), NCC – Jean-François Trépanier (CEO) and Major-General P.F. Wynnyk (then-Deputy Commander Canadian Army). Special remarks were made by Minister Steven Blaney, Walt Conrad – on behalf of Veterans of the Korean War and by Grecko, Andrew Montieth – about the Imjin River Memorial Cup. The teams shook hands and went to their respective benches. With the ceremonial puck-drop out of the way it was “game on” and “bring it on”!
The Parliamentary Team was stacked with members of the Geckos, several Members of Parliament league players, Minister Steven Blaney, an NHL alumnus, Doug “The Hammer” Smith and Mr. Doug Martin. The Honorary Coach for their team was Mr. Claude Charland, a veteran of the Royal 22nd Regiment and the original games. The Military Team, also known in circles as Team Patricia, was made up of 13 devoted Patricia’s from Ottawa, Kingston and
3 PPCLI. Their ringers included the CAF Patron of Hockey and goal tender Ed Staniowski, an NHL alumnus as well. Mr. Bryon Archibald, a Korea War Veteran who skated the Imjin River was the Honorary Coach. Then-Major Derek Prohar was coach. The set standard for play was “pond rules”, a much faster paced game given the significantly smaller surface with 3 on 3 players. Not accustomed to “pond rules”, the intense game would prove to be a real challenge for Team Patricia, and a goalie’s goal-against-average nightmare.
(Photo by Richard Dumas) Squaring off at centre ice during a face-off is the Parliamentary Team in blue and the Military Team in red. The Imjin Memorial Cup is at the far right corner of the rink. The Parliament Building and National War Monument are clearly visible in the background. To the left, along the snowy ridge line, near the light pole is the Hamilton Gault statue (founder of PPCLI), made possible by the PPCLI Association, Ottawa Branch. To the right, unseen is the Government Conference Centre (GCC), previously the train station whereby the Patricia’s marched to, from Lansdowne Park for embarkation to Europe, 1914.
(Photo by Richard Dumas) Korea War Veterans, Mr. Billy Murray and Gord Gallant of KVA Unit 7, Ottawa having already presented the Imjin Memorial Cup, pose with both teams, veterans, dignitaries and furry Winterlude pals.
The first period of play was dominated by the Parliamentary Team. Come the second and final 20 minute period, as per pond rules, it was no secret as to who was in charge. The Military Team came out with a vengeance, embracing the fighting spirit of our forefathers. By the 10 minute mark, Team Patricia had not only tied up the game but had placed themselves well ahead. The Parliamentary Team was now experiencing their own “Battle of Kapyong”. It was everything for them to regain their composure. Within the last 3 minutes or so, they managed to tie it up. While Senator Martin was providing a sitrep to the crowd already on edge, the “blue sweaters” pulled ahead by a single goal. Remaining calm under fire, Team Patricia held their ground by firing in one more to end the game. Much like how the fight in Korea finished 60 years ago (at that time), it was a stalemate at 12-12.
(Photo by Richard Dumas) Shown prior to formal presentation to Minister Blaney, is the painting with artist, Mr. Rheaume and Senator Yonah Martin, the driving force behind the IMJIN CLASSIC 2013. It depicts the 25th Canadian Infantry Brigade’s championship finals on the Imjin River in 1953. The river flows from north to south, crossing the Demilitarized Zone which to this day is very troublesome and hostile. Photo taken by unknown source.
Shortly after the outdoor presentations were made and photo ops taken, participants made their way back into the historic GCC for the luncheon. VIPs and distinguished guests made final presentations and speeches over a wonderful meal. One such presentation, dedicated to the Korean War Veterans included a huge painting by Mr. Ross Rheaume. It featured the photograph found long ago, in Korea and featured on Coaches Corner, the night before. Group photos were taken to include the many Korean War Veterans and families, senators, parliamentarians, serving members and Geckos. Afterwards, Senator Martin led a personal tour of Parliament, with special visits to the Peace Tower which offers a terrific view of the game area and downtown Ottawa, the Memorial Chamber and Upper Chamber.
IMJIN CLASSIC 2013 was a special hockey game, commemorating the 60th Anniversary of the Korean War Armistice and in honour of Canadians who defended the Republic of Korea. Hockey’s popularity in Korea, in addition to our veterans’ valiant service is amongst Canada’s lasting legacies. On that day, once again, Canadians were reminded. It was quite symbolic and poignant to see serving veterans of Cold War service of Germany, Cyprus, Croatia, Bosnia and Afghanistan playing their hearts out in honour of our Korean War Veterans. The IMJIN CLASSIC has since continued to play on, perpetuating our Korean War Veterans’ legacy.
Senate and House of Commons Honours PPCLI (2014)
(Provided by Richard Dumas) Shortly before the reading, inside the Upper Chamber, standing in the front right of the photo is Senator Martin. Standing in the far left front corner is myself, over my right shoulder is Senator Day. To my left is MP O’Toole. To his left is PPCLI Second World War and Korean War Veteran, Lloyd Swick. To Lloyd’s left are three Korean War Vets. The remainder is comprised of Patricia’s and members of the Royal 22e Regiment (R22eR). Lloyd was awarded a Minister of Veterans Affairs Commendation in 2005 for his work, particularly with a Veterans’ Health Centre. He would later receive the Meritorious Service Medal from the Governor General of Canada because he was the driving force behind the Animals In War Dedication Project. Thanks to him, the memorial (in the form of a dog statue) was unveiled at Confederation Park, Ottawa, in 2012. I was truly saddened by his passing, 4 February 2017. He is an outstanding example of how vets continue to be valued volunteers in society, well after their military service and after having already given so much. He had written a poem reflective of the love he felt towards Koreans and his hope for their children.
In order to mark PPCLI’s centennial, Senator Martin hosted a visit to Parliament Hill,
18 September 2014. It included a reading in the Senate by herself and Member of Parliament, Erin O’Toole in the House of Commons – both received with standing ovations. Following the readings, personal tours were conducted at the Peace Tower and Memorial Chamber. An audience was later granted with the Minister of National Defence, The Honourable Robert Nicholson and the Speaker of the Senate, The Honourable Noel Kinsella.
PPCLI received its own copy of the Senate’s hansard for display and Regimental Archives. Members of R22eR were welcomed given it too, was their centennial. These readings mark and perpetuate both Regiments’ century of service to Canada. The two Regiments later paraded together on Parliament Hill for the combined Sunset Ceremony. All ranks thoroughly enjoyed the personal tours – significant links to our proud history.
Senator Accepts Royal Canadian Legion Friendship Award (2014)
On 9 August 2014, during the 11th Annual Calgary Korean Day Celebrations, the Alberta Government and Calgary Korean Association/The Calgary Korean Cultural Centre jointly celebrated the 40th Anniversary of the Alberta-Kangwon provinces twinning event.
Soo-Keun Kim, President of the Calgary Korean Association/The Calgary Korean Cultural Centre spoke first, welcoming everyone. There were many VIPs in attendance, including; Alberta Honorary Council General of Republic of Korea, Gorge Fixler and Consul General, Kie Cheon Lee – both bringing congratulatory messages. Associate Minister Teresa Woo-Paw (Alberta Government organizer for the event), provided a welcoming speech and reminder about the Alberta-Gangwon provinces twinning history. She also presented Alberta Culture’s CIP grant of $25,000 and a $2,000 grant of the International and Intergovernmental Relations Department to the Calgary Korean community.
(Photo provided by the Calgary Korean Association) Mr. Donner presents the RCL Friendship Award to Senator Martin as part of the Annual Calgary Korean Day Celebrations at the Shaw Millennium Park.
By invitation, Mr. Wayne Donner, President of the Alberta-NWT Command, the Royal CanadianLegion (RCL) made a formal presentation to Senator Yonah Martin – the RCL Friendship Award, the highest award presented to a non-member. She was honoured as such because of her championing our Canadian Korean War Veterans cause and legacy. Mr. Donner later commented, “The ceremony was fabulous. Senator Martin is such a gracious lady. She had a couple of tears as she said she was overwhelmed to get the Friendship Award from the Legion.”
Senator Martin’s significant contributions include: During the Battle of Kapyong’s 60th Anniversary, she secured 10 additional vacancies for Kapyong Veterans at the annual pilgrimage to ROK and initiated the first national service for Korean War Vets at the National War Monument in Ottawa. She’s participated at Kapyong Monument Services at Radar Hill, B.C., with our vets on differing occasions. It is found within the Pacific Rim National Park Reserve, near Tofino. There are official links to the PPCLI Kapyong Monument and Hallyo Haesung Sea National Park in Korea. That kinship between the two countries and veterans remains vibrant, in part because of her efforts.
In close collaboration with ROK, Senator Martin honoured Archie Hearsey’s last will and testament by reuniting him (his remains) for all eternity with his brother (already buried) at the United Nations Memorial Cemetery in Busan. Both brothers served together with 2 PPCLI when older brother Joseph was killed.
Senator Martin played a leading role in promoting The Year of the Korean Veterans in concert with Veterans Affairs Canada, including the “kicker event” held during Ottawa’s Winterlude – The IMJIN CLASSIC. Members of the military played against Parliamentarians and Canadians working in ROK, reminiscent of the Canadian Army playing hockey on the Imjin River during the war. She was instrumental in passing Bill S-213 – the Korean War Veterans Day Act. Every 27 July is Korean War Veterans Day. Our veterans’ legacy is now guaranteed in perpetuity after so many years of indifference.
Born in Seoul, Korea, she is the first Canadian of Korean descent to be appointed to the Canadian Senate. Without question, Senator Martin was deserving of public accolade and recognition for her staunch, unconditional and on-going support to our veterans of “The Forgotten War”.
Winnipeg Remembers Kapyong (2016)
Although 2 PPCLI has moved to C.F.B Shilo from Kapyong Barracks, in Winnipeg, the City of Winnipeg still remembers them fondly. After all, they had been there since 1970, having rotated back to Canada after having served in Germany. Few remember the Regiment’s service in that
City; post First World War and up to the Second World War. This is where a City Councillor had taken steps to make certain that their legacy was perpetuated, in particular through the iconic action at the Battle of Kapyong, Korea, 24/25 April 1951.
The year 2016 marked the 65th Anniversary of that battle. It was Councillor Scott Gillingham that spearheaded the initiative to rename Amherst Park. As of 10 September 2016, the park at Ness Avenue and Amherst Street officially became Kapyong Park. “The old barracks at Kenaston; that property’s future development is uncertain,” Gillingham said. “We don’t know what’s going to happen with that so I thought it was really important to commemorate in some way, the Battle of Kapyong and the contribution that the soldiers made.”
There was overwhelming support for the renaming the park from city council, the veterans (Korean Veterans’ Association of Canada) the Korean Society of Manitoba, the Royal Military Institute of Manitoba and the Winnipeg Military Family Resource Centre. In addition, 17 Wing Commander and Commander C.F.B Shilo fully supported the initiative. The official ceremony included unveiling signage and an interpretive board that explains the battle with the inclusion of politicians, members of the public, Senator Martin and members of the Korean Canadian community, veterans of the Korean War and specifically Kapyong, with strong representation by 2 PPCLI. The historical significance to Amherst is preserved given the street name will not change.
(Photo taken by Pte Garrow, 2 PPCLI) Winnipeg City Councillor, Scott Gillingham looks on as Kapyong Veteran Ron Shephard, aged 85 at the time provides poignant commentary. From his platoon, he was one of eight wounded. Four were killed including his section commander. He also served three tours of duty in Germany and two in Cyprus.
(Photo taken by Pte Garrow, 2 PPCLI) Gathered around the interpretive board is the 2 PPCLI contingent and three Kapyong Veterans. To the immediate right of the board is former Colonel of the Regiment (PPCLI), Lieutenant-General (Retired) Ray Crabbe. To the immediate left of the board is Senator Yonah Martin.
Battle of Kapyong 65th Anniversary (2016)
(Taken by Richard Dumas) Major-General (Retired) L. McKenzie “holds council” with PPCLI Korean War veterans prior to official commencement.
At the Canadian War Museum, Friday 22 April 2016, the KVA, the Embassy of the Republic of Korea and the Canadian War Museum hosted the National 65th Anniversary of the Battle of Kapyong Commemorative Ceremony. There were over 200 guests from the embassies and defense attachés of Australia, India, New Zealand, Republic of Korea, U.K. and the USA. Other invited guests included the Korea-Canada Society, Korean War Commemorative Committee (KWCC), the Royal Canadian Legion and the Ottawa Korea-Canada Community. The OfficialParty comprised of Minister of Veterans Affairs Canada – The Honourable Kent Hehr, Senator Yonah Martin, the Korea Veterans Association (KVA), National Defense Headquarters, Canadian Army Headquarters and PPCLI – serving component and Association membership.
The ceremony was well planned and executed with the standard format – introductions, marching on the flags, prayer, The Act of Remembrance, the Last Post, two minutes of silence, Rouse, the Lament , Wreath Laying and speeches. Tours and a reception would follow.
There was a grand turnout by serving members of PPCLI, members of the PPCLI Association (retirees and veterans) and PPCLI Korean War Veterans with the KVA – from across Canada. It was at this venue that the Regimental Colonel; Colonel Mike Wright would present Senator Yonah Martin with her PPCLI Certificate of Appreciation. Senator Yonah Martin is revered and admired by Canadian Korea War Veterans, specifically Patricia’s for championing their cause Regimental legacy and place in history.
(Provided by Richard Dumas) In front of a critical mass of Patricia’s, spanning many generations and including vets of several theatres of operation, Captain Dumas stands by with the award as Colonel Wright delivers the preamble prior to making presentation to Senator Martin, shortly after the ceremony was concluded.
(Taken by Richard Dumas) Chief Warrant Officer D.I. Reid and The Honourable Kent Hehr, Minister of VAC lay the first wreath.
(Taken by Richard Dumas) On the right, Mr. Kangjun Lee holds the citation in anticipation of presentation while the MC and President of KVA Unit 21, Mr. John McDonald reads it aloud. Already presented with their medals from left to right are: Mr. Austin McClure of 59 Field Recce Squadron, Royal Canadian Engineers (though he joined during the Second World War, he was too young to deploy), Mr. William Greeley of 2 PPCLI (a paratrooper with additional service in Germany) and Mr. Kenneth Storey of the Royal Canadian Medical Corps (who continued to serve until 1979 with additional service in Vietnam). Up next for presentation is Mr. Samuel Frischkent of the Royal Canadian Army Service Corps (wounded during the war). Looking on are wheel chair attendants and medal bearers from Garrison Edmonton. Those wearing maroon berets are paratroopers.
KVA Unit 21 Receives Medals – ROK Honours Canadian Vets (2017)
On 1 June 2017 at the Kipnes Centre for Veterans in Edmonton, Alberta, four residents were presented with Ambassador For Peace Medals on behalf of the Consulate General of the Republic of Korea (ROK) out of Vancouver by Mr. Kangjun Lee. This event was hosted by the Kipnes Centre and Korea Veterans Association of Canada (KVA) Unit 21 Edmonton and supported by members of the Canadian Army and friends and families of the recipients. The medals presentations have become part of a longstanding commitment by the citizens of ROK to visibly show their unwavering gratitude for what our Korean War veterans have contributed in regard to securing their freedom and prosperity.
PPCLI French Grey Ball on 27 August 2016 in Edmonton’s Hotel MacDonald. Photo by Grant Cree
(Taken by Mr. Grant Cree) Just before dinner at the annual French Grey Ball – 2016 (PPCLI), at the Hotel MacDonald, Senator Martin had spoken with traditional drummers from the Korean Canadian community of Edmonton. After the informal chit-chat, we broke for a group photo. The youngsters went on to perform at our dinner whereby it was reciprocated with a standing ovation.
Conclusion
Inside the past seven years I have been blessed with the many experiences of volunteerism related to supporting our Korean War Veterans. These chronicled events don’t include the many in-between situations, events or encounters with hundreds of other dedicated Canadians – people devoted to making a difference. I’ve bore witness to the mutual respect between our veterans and
Koreans and Korean Canadian communities. The Republic Of Korea’s nation building success is perhaps the most significant form of validation that our veterans would have received – perhaps the only validation for decades. Since the war, many would have had to deal with the continued heart break of losing their youth and friends. Vets are not the only ones that need recovery time. Families of vets too, will have had to endure the effects of loneliness during deployments or hospitalization of loved ones and living with those that perhaps were afflicted with PTSD, the “need” for “self-medication” or those with survival guilt, etcetera, in addition to any physical wounds or restrictions in their family members’ so-called golden years – exacerbated by old wounds. The many acts of appreciation by ROK and Korean Canadians has made an immense difference. It is perhaps part of their healing process, too. Over the many years, I have come to form friendships with some of our vets’ adult children and Koreans who were directly affected by the war – in some cases orphaned by the so-called police action. That validation was and is critical to those effected by the war. Soldiers and family need to know that their loss counted towards something bigger. Today, the goings-on, on the peninsula and in that region, remain pertinent to global security.
Our veterans of the war in Korea had fiercely upheld our tradition of excellence, courage and honour, just like those before them in the First and Second World Wars, while inspiring the generations of those after them. We all have so much to be grateful for as we celebrate Canada’s 150th birthday.